Z — Zika Virus
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, as well as sexually and vertically. Although historically associated with mild febrile illness, ZIKV gained global prominence during the 2015–2016 outbreak due to congenital infections.
After viremia, ZIKV can cross the placenta and infect fetal neural progenitor cells. Viral replication disrupts cell cycle regulation, induces apoptosis, and impairs neurogenesis, leading to microcephaly and congenital Zika syndrome in newborn babies. Viral proteins interfere with interferon signalling, enhancing replication in placental and neural tissues.
In adults, ZIKV infection is usually mild but can trigger Guillain–Barré syndrome, likely via immune-mediated mechanisms.
Research priorities include placental transmission pathways, long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes, immune responses in pregnancy, and vaccine development balancing maternal immunity and fetal safety
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, as well as sexually and vertically. Although historically associated with mild febrile illness, ZIKV gained global prominence during the 2015–2016 outbreak due to congenital infections.
After viremia, ZIKV can cross the placenta and infect fetal neural progenitor cells. Viral replication disrupts cell cycle regulation, induces apoptosis, and impairs neurogenesis, leading to microcephaly and congenital Zika syndrome in newborn babies. Viral proteins interfere with interferon signalling, enhancing replication in placental and neural tissues.
In adults, ZIKV infection is usually mild but can trigger Guillain–Barré syndrome, likely via immune-mediated mechanisms.
Research priorities include placental transmission pathways, long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes, immune responses in pregnancy, and vaccine development balancing maternal immunity and fetal safety